EFEKTIVITAS PELAPISAN LILIN LEBAH (BEESWAX COATING) DALAM MEMPERTAHANKAN MUTU FISIK DAN WARNA BUAH PISANG SELAMA PENYIMPANAN PASCAPANEN Effectiveness Of Beeswax Coating In Maintaining The Physical Quality And Color Of Bananas During Post-Harvest Storage
Keywords:
Efektivitas Pelapisan Lilin Lebah, Nilai Warna Pisang, Susut Bobot
Abstract
Buah pisang merupakan komoditas klimakterik yang mudah mengalami penurunan mutu selama penyimpanan pascapanen akibat tingginya laju respirasi dan transpirasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas pelapisan lilin lebah (beeswax coating) dalam mempertahankan mutu fisik dan warna buah pisang selama penyimpanan suhu ruang. Penelitian dilaksanakan menggunakan tiga perlakuan, yaitu tanpa pelapisan (kontrol), pelapisan beeswax (P1), serta pelapisan beeswax disertai pembungkusan aluminium foil (P2), dengan dua ulangan dan penyimpanan selama lima hari pada suhu 27–29 °C. Parameter yang diamati meliputi susut bobot serta perubahan warna kulit buah berdasarkan sistem warna CIE L*, a*, dan b*. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan P1 paling efektif menekan susut bobot buah pisang, dengan total kehilangan bobot hanya 9%, dibandingkan kontrol sebesar 33% dan P2 sebesar 22%. Selain itu, perlakuan P1 mampu mempertahankan nilai kecerahan (L*) dan menahan peningkatan nilai a* serta penurunan nilai b*, sehingga perubahan warna menuju cokelat berlangsung lebih lambat. Dengan demikian, pelapisan lilin lebah terbukti efektif dalam memperlambat pematangan, mempertahankan mutu fisik dan warna, serta memperpanjang umur simpan buah pisang selama penyimpanan pascapanen.
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Odetayo, T. 2021. Development of nanoparticle-enriched edible coatings to improve fruit quality and extend the shelf life of Cavendish bananas: University of Johannesburg (South Africa). https://www.proquest.com/openview/c493df16191a5da7d2bc9cab0531ce45/1?pq-origsite=gscholar&cbl=2026366&diss=y
Qu, P., Zhang, M., Fan, K., & Guo, Z. 2022. Microporous modified atmosphere packaging to extend shelf life of fresh foods: A review. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 62(1), 51-65. https://doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2020.1811635
Rodrigues, M., Ordoñez-Trejo, E. J., Rasori, A., Varotto, S., Ruperti, B., & Bonghi, C. 2024. Dissecting postharvest chilling injuries in pome and stone fruit through integrated omics. Frontiers in Plant Science, 14, 1272986. Retrieved from https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/plant-science/articles/10.3389/fpls.2023.1272986/full
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Yang, C., Xu, Y., Xie, X., Wu, Y., Gao, Z., Li, K., Guo, J., Zhang, X., Wang, H., & Liu, M. (2025). Post-harvest Physiology of Vegetable Crops and Its Regulation. In G. J. Ahammed & J. Zhou (Eds.), Growth Regulation and Quality Improvement of Vegetable Crops: Physiological and Molecular Features (pp. 495-557). Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-0169-1_17
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Yolanda, N., Khamidah, N., & Rizali, A. 2021. Teknologi Edible Coating Menggunakan Lilin Lebah ( Beeswax) Dan Kitosan Terhadap Mutu Buah Jambu Kristal ( Psidium guajava L. VAR. KRISTAL). Agroekotek View, 4(2), 114-124. https://doi.org/10.20527/agtview.v4i2.2848
Yuslikhatin, Y. (2025). Analisis pengaruh jenis kemasan terhadap kualitas buah mangga harum manis (Mangifera indica L.) selama penyimpanan. Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim, Retrieved from http://etheses.uin-malang.ac.id/79319/
Anggreani, L. (2024). Morfologi Sel Darah Pada Sediaan Apusan Darah Tepi (Sadt) Tipis Menggunakan Pewarna Alternatif Ekstrak Bunga Senduduk (Melastoma Malabathricum L.). Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan Borneo Cendekia Medika Pangkalan Bun, Retrieved from https://repository.stikesbcm.ac.id/id/eprint/498/
Ayu Puspitasari, P. (2025). Kajian Penundaan Waktu Precooling Dan Suhu Penyimpanan Terhadap Kadar Air, Kekerasan, Vitamin C Dan Ph Pada Jambu Biji Merah. Universitas Andalas, Retrieved from http://scholar.unand.ac.id/487965/
Aziz, T., Hassan, M. K., Talukder, F. U., & Rahman, M. S. 2021. Effects of different concentrations of chitosan on shelf life and quality of banana fruit. International Journal of Horticultural Science and Technology, 8(1), 1-12. https://ijhst.ut.ac.ir/ijhst.ut.ac.ir/article_78666.html
Buah, B. S. D. P. K., & Arifia, N. Aplikasi Edible Coating Menggunakan Beeswax Pada. https://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/185914/1/nisa%20arifia%20-%20165100101111025.pdf
Büchele, F. (2024). Effects of a two-factorial dynamic storage system on apple fruit metabolism, quality attributes, disorder incidences and biochemical properties. Dissertation, Hohenheim, Universität Hohenheim, 2024, Retrieved from https://d-nb.info/134502679X/34
Dnyanadev, M. S. (2021). Effect Of Pre And Post Harvest Practices On Shelf Life And Quality Of Banana (Musa Paradisiaca L.) Cv. Grand Naine. Anand Agricultural University, Retrieved from https://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/bitstreams/77648630-783e-46ed-bca1-5dacb1332550/download
Harahap, R. S. D. Pengaruh Perlakuan Perendaman Ozon Dan Pelapisan Lilin Lebah Dengan Variasi Suhu Ruang Untuk Mempertahankan. https://repository.ub.ac.id/cgi/users/login?target=http%3A%2F%2Frepository.ub.ac.id%2Fid%2Feprint%2F191900%2F1%2FRahma%2520Sari%2520Dewi%2520Harahap.pdf
Harahap, R. S. D. 2022. Pengaruh Perlakuan Perendaman Ozon Dan Pelapisan Lilin Lebah Dengan Variasi Suhu Ruang Untuk Mempertahankan. https://repository.ub.ac.id/cgi/users/login?target=http%3A%2F%2Frepository.ub.ac.id%2Fid%2Feprint%2F191900%2F1%2FRahma%2520Sari%2520Dewi%2520Harahap.pdf
Hertha, D., & Jati, I. R. A. Aplikasi Edible Coating Berbasis Nanoteknologi Pada Buah Klimaterik. https://jurnal.ukwms.ac.id/index.php/zigma/article/view/7487
Imansyah, F. 2024. Inovasi Atmosfer Terkendali: Pemeliharaan Kesegaran Buah Pisang Untuk Peningkatan Ketersediaan Dan Kualitas Konsumsi. Jurnal Abdi Insani, 11(3), 77-89. https://doi.org/10.29303/abdiinsani.v11i3.1678
Ingsavitri, F. (2025). Potensi Pektin Dari Ekstrak Limbah Kulit Pisang Kepok Sebagai Edible Coating Untuk Menjaga Kualitas Dan Memperpanjang Masa Simpan Tomat Apel (Lypersicum Esculantum Mill, Var. Pyrivorme.) Pada Variasi Suhu Penyimpanan. Institut Pertanian Stiper Yogyakarta,
Iswahyudi, I., Darmawati, E., Mardjan, S., & Garfansa, M. P. 2024. Color and firmness quality changes of java apple during postharvest transportation and storage. Current Applied Science And Technology, 24(4), E0257493-E0257493. https://doi.org/10.55003/cast.2024.257493
Iswahyudi, I. D., EmmySutrisno, Sutrisno. 2015. Perancangan Kemasan Transportasi Buah Jambu Air (Syzygium aqueum) cv Camplong. Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian, 3(1). https://doi.org/10.19028/jtep.03.1.%25p
Maghoumi, M., Amodio, M. L., Fatchurrahman, D., Cisneros-Zevallos, L., & Colelli, G. 2022. Pomegranate husk scald browning during Storage: A review on factors involved, their modes of action, and its association to postharvest treatments. Foods, 11(21), 3365. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods11213365
Odetayo, T. 2021. Development of nanoparticle-enriched edible coatings to improve fruit quality and extend the shelf life of Cavendish bananas: University of Johannesburg (South Africa). https://www.proquest.com/openview/c493df16191a5da7d2bc9cab0531ce45/1?pq-origsite=gscholar&cbl=2026366&diss=y
Qu, P., Zhang, M., Fan, K., & Guo, Z. 2022. Microporous modified atmosphere packaging to extend shelf life of fresh foods: A review. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 62(1), 51-65. https://doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2020.1811635
Rodrigues, M., Ordoñez-Trejo, E. J., Rasori, A., Varotto, S., Ruperti, B., & Bonghi, C. 2024. Dissecting postharvest chilling injuries in pome and stone fruit through integrated omics. Frontiers in Plant Science, 14, 1272986. Retrieved from https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/plant-science/articles/10.3389/fpls.2023.1272986/full
Ruiz Medina, M. D., & Ruales, J. 2024. Post-Harvest Alternatives in Banana Cultivation. Agronomy, 14(9), 2109. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14092109
Santoso, D., & Egra, S. 2022. Teknologi Penanganan Pascapanen: Syiah Kuala University Press. https://books.google.co.id/books?hl=id&lr=&id=PuBkEAAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PP1&dq
Sari, I. M., & Ansiska, P. 2024. Meningkatkan daya saing dan keberlanjutan produk hortikultura melalui pengelolaan pascapanen: Enhancing Competitiveness and Sustainability of Horticultural Products through Post-Harvest Management. Insight Mediatama, 1-124. epository.insightmediatama.co.id/books/article/view/13
Sinanoglou, V. J., Tsiaka, T., Aouant, K., Mouka, E., Ladika, G., Kritsi, E., Konteles, S. J., Ioannou, A.-G., Zoumpoulakis, P., & Strati, I. F. 2023. Quality assessment of banana ripening stages by combining analytical methods and image analysis. Applied Sciences, 13(6), 3533. https://doi.org/10.3390/app13063533
Yang, C., Xu, Y., Xie, X., Wu, Y., Gao, Z., Li, K., Guo, J., Zhang, X., Wang, H., & Liu, M. (2025). Post-harvest Physiology of Vegetable Crops and Its Regulation. In G. J. Ahammed & J. Zhou (Eds.), Growth Regulation and Quality Improvement of Vegetable Crops: Physiological and Molecular Features (pp. 495-557). Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-0169-1_17
Yang, J., Yin, J., Wang, K., Zhao, L., Yang, Z., Cai, Y., Lou, J., Huang, C., & Shen, Q. 2024. Advanced technology in fruit preservation: Effects of nanoscale charged water particles on storage quality and reactive oxygen species in blueberries. Food Research International, 198, 115331. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2024.115331
Yolanda, N., Khamidah, N., & Rizali, A. 2021. Teknologi Edible Coating Menggunakan Lilin Lebah ( Beeswax) Dan Kitosan Terhadap Mutu Buah Jambu Kristal ( Psidium guajava L. VAR. KRISTAL). Agroekotek View, 4(2), 114-124. https://doi.org/10.20527/agtview.v4i2.2848
Yuslikhatin, Y. (2025). Analisis pengaruh jenis kemasan terhadap kualitas buah mangga harum manis (Mangifera indica L.) selama penyimpanan. Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim, Retrieved from http://etheses.uin-malang.ac.id/79319/
Published
2026-05-27
Section
Jurnal Cemara
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