The journal is committed to maintaining the highest standards of research integrity and publication ethics. Research misconduct includes plagiarism, data fabrication, data falsification, duplicate publication, inappropriate authorship, citation manipulation, and violations of research ethics involving human participants.

All allegations of research misconduct will be assessed fairly, objectively, and confidentially in accordance with established publication ethics principles and relevant guidance from the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE). Authors, reviewers, and editors are expected to uphold academic integrity throughout the research and publication process.

If misconduct is confirmed, the journal may reject the manuscript, request corrections, publish an expression of concern, retract a published article, or take other appropriate actions depending on the severity of the violation.