Determinants of Breast pain in Breastfeeding Mothers in the Area of Karang Anyar Community Health Center, South Lampung District, Indonesia
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Nipple pain during breastfeeding significantly impacts the emotional well-being, daily activities, and sleep patterns of mothers, increasing the risk of early breastfeeding cessation and postpartum depression. Previous studies have reported high prevalence rates of nipple pain among breastfeeding mothers in various countries. This study aims to identify the factors contributing to nipple pain, utilizing a cross-sectional design and Shomers's statistical test. Nipple pain severity was assessed using visual analog scores, with nipple lesions, latch-on techniques, nipple shape, and maternal parity as independent variables. The results demonstrate strong positive associations between nipple pain and nipple lesions (P value 0.000, r = 0.866), latch-on techniques (P value 0.000, r = 0.629), and nipple shape (P value 0.001, r = 0.341). However, there is no significant correlation (P value 0.132) between nipple pain and maternal parity (r = -0.182). To promote successful breastfeeding, healthcare facilities should prioritize the provision of education on proper breastfeeding techniques, pain prevention and management strategies, and solutions to address the unique challenges faced by breastfeeding mothers.
Key word:
Nipple pain
Nipple trauma
Lacth-on
Parity
Nipple Shape
References
Douglas, P. (2022). Re-thinking lactation-related nipple pain and damage. Women's Health, 18, 17455057221087865.https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/17455057221087865
Rini Wahyuni, dkk, Hubungan tehnik menyusui dengan kejadian putting lecet pada ibu menyusui di wilayah kerja puskesmas Way Sulan Kabupaten LAmpung Selatan. Jurnal maternitas Aisyah. Vol 1 No 2 Thn 2020
https://journal.aisyahuniversity.ac.id/index.php/Jaman/article/view/menyusuirin
Uswatun Kasanah. (2022). Faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan nyeri payudara pada ibu menyusui 2-4 hari postpartum: Factors Associated WithBreast pain In Breastfeeding Mothers2-4 Postpartum Days. Jurnal Ilmiah Kebidanan (Scientific Journal of Midwifery), 8(3), 184-192. https://doi.org/10.33023/jikeb.v8i3.1367
https://journal.stikespemkabjombang.ac.id/index.php/jikeb/article/view/1367
Maria Pollard. ASI Asuhan Berbasis Bukti. EGC.Jakarta.2016
Mcclellan HL, Hepworth AR, Garbin CP, Rowan MK, Deacon J, Hartmann PE, Geddes DT. Nipple pain During Breastfeeding With Or Without Visible Trauma. Journal Of Human Lactation: 2012; Vol. 28 (4); Pp. 511-21. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22689707/
Kent JC, Ashton E, Hardwick CM, Rowan MK, Chia ES, Fairclough KA, Menon LL, Scott C, Mather-McCaw G, Navarro K, et al. Nipple pain in Breastfeeding Mothers: Incidence, Causes and Treatments. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2015; 12(10):12247-12263. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph121012247
https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/12/10/12247
Katie Bourdillon, Tom McCausland, and Stephanie Jones
Latch-related nipple pain in breastfeeding women: the impact on breastfeeding outcomes.
British Journal of Midwifery 2020 28:7, 406-414
Jiménez Gómez MI, Meneses Monroy A, Corrillero Martín J, Santana Gutierrez S, Rodríguez Martín R, Girón Daviña PR. Prevalence of Nipple Soreness at 48 Hours Postpartum. Breastfeed Med. 2021 Apr;16(4):325-331. doi: 10.1089/bfm.2020.0112. Epub 2021 Jan 27. PMID: 33493005.
Apriyanti, F., & Syahda, S. (2022). Analisa Hubungan Teknik Menyusui Dengan Kejadian Nipple Trauma Pada Ibu Menyusui Di Desa Laboi Jaya Wilayah Kerja Upt Puskesmas Laboy Jaya . Jurnal Ners, 6(1), 114–118. Https://Doi.Org/10.31004/Jn.v6i1.4080
Risneni, R. (2017). Hubungan Teknik Menyusui Dengan Terjadinya Lecet Puting Susu Pada Ibu Nifas. Jurnal Ilmiah Keperawatan Sai Betik, 11(2), 158-163.
Douglas PS, Perrella SL, Geddes DT. A brief gestalt intervention changes ultrasound measures of tongue movement during breastfeeding: case series. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2022 Feb 1;22(1):94. doi: 10.1186/s12884-021-04363-7. PMID: 35105336; PMCID: PMC8808964.
Pasiak, S. M., Pinontoan, O., & Rompas, S. (2019). Status paritas dengan teknik menyusui pada ibu post partum. Jurnal Keperawatan, 7(2).
Wijayati, W. (2022). Pelaksanaan Manajemen Laktasi Berdasarkan Paritas Ibu Menyusui Di Desa Parakan Trenggalek. Khatulistiwa Nursing Journal, 4(1), 10-18.
Setyorini, C., Lieskusumastuti, A. D., & Latifah, N. (2020). Sikap Ibu Dalam Menyusui Bayi Yang Benar Ditinjau Dari Umur Dan Paritas. Hasanuddin Journal of Midwifery, 1(2), 51-57.
Agustin, N. (2021). Hubungan Kejadian Putting Susu Lecet Dengan Keberhasilan Pemberian Asi Eksklusif. Jurnal Penelitian Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan Nahdlatul Ulama Tuban, 3(1). https://doi.org/10.47710/jp.v3i1.70
Wahyuni, R., Puspita, L., & Umar, M. Y. (2020). Hubungan Teknik Menyusui Dengan Puting Lecet Pada Ibu Menyusui Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Way Sulan Kabupaten Lampung Selatan Tahun 2019. Jurnal Maternitas Aisyah (JAMAN AISYAH), 1(2), 141-149.
Amir L H, Baeza C, Charlamb J R, Jones W. Identifying the cause of breast and nipple pain during lactation BMJ 2021; 374 :n1628 doi:10.1136/bmj.n1628
Sulymbona, N., Russiska, R., Marliana, M. T., & Mutaharoh, E. S. (2021). Hubungan Cara Pemberian Asi Dengan Kejadian Masalah Pada Puting Lecet Di Uptd
Puskesmas Nusaherang. Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Bhakti Husada: Health Sciences Journal, 12(1), 97–106. https://doi.org/10.34305/jikbh.v12i1.260
Kelly Pereira Coca, Mônica Antar Gamba, Rebeca de Souza e Silva, Ana Cristina F. V. Abrão : Factors Associated With Nipple Trauma In The Maternity Unit. J. Pediatr. Brazil. 2009; vol.85; no.4.
Blair A, Cadwell K, Turner-Maffei C, Brimdyr K. The relationship between positioning, the breastfeeding dynamic, the latching process and pain in breastfeeding mothers with sore nipples. Breastfeed Rev. 2003; 11(2); 5-10.
McClellan HL, Hepworth AR, Kent JC, Garbin CP, Williams TM, Hartmann PE, Geddes DT. Breastfeeding frequency, milk volume, and duration in mother-infant dyads with persistent nipple pain. Breastfeed Med. 2012; 7; 275-81.